Yuferev was found guilty under Part 1 of Article 280.3 of the Criminal Code. Prosecutors had sought five years.

Three publications formed the basis of the criminal case. The first was a tweet dated 27 March 2023 in which Yuferev explained why he would not pay a fine imposed in an administrative case: he said he did not want 46,000 rubles spent on fuel for a missile. The second was a post on 15 July 2023 in his Telegram channel linking to a Die Zeit article about the Smolninskoye municipal district. The third was the publication of UN data on the number of people killed on the territory of Ukraine.

According to the court, the publications contain "a set of linguistic and psychological signs of persuading the addressee of the negative nature of the goals" of the exercise of powers by state bodies and of the use of the Russian Armed Forces.

In 2022 Yuferev was already fined under the administrative article on "discrediting" — for the same 46,000 rubles. On 24 February 2022 he and other municipal deputies filed notice of a planned anti-war rally; the city committee refused permission, citing coronavirus restrictions, ZAKS.ru reported. Yuferev was a member of the Yabloko party but failed to pass re-registration in spring 2022.

On 7 September 2022 deputies of the Smolninskoye municipal district, including Yuferev, called on the State Duma to bring charges of high treason against President Vladimir Putin over the war against Ukraine. The next day, protocols on "discrediting" the army were drawn up against five deputies. On 13 September a court, acting on a prosecutors' claim, declared the municipal council inactive; it was later dissolved.

After the protocol was drawn up, Yuferev left Russia for Serbia. In emigration he wrote a book, "Smolninskoye. The Adventures of Audacious Deputies." In 2024 he was placed on the wanted list and arrested in absentia; according to the court, he was put on the federal wanted list on 16 April 2024, and charges were brought against him in absentia on 21 May. He is now also on an interstate wanted list.

After the verdict, Yuferev wrote in his Telegram channel that he felt sorry for Judge Korobchenko, Colonel Bobkov, Lieutenant Colonel Kolesov, prosecutor Kulikov and others involved: he said they had spent three years and held seven hearings "to punish a person for being against killings and against war." He promised to mark the verdict with a glass of red wine.